AML (Acute Myelogenous Leukemia/Acute Myelocytic Leukemia)

AML patient with skin infected

Leukemia cell

How is Acute Myelogenous Leukemia hapenned?

Its hapenned when bone marrow produces blood cells abnormally. Normally bone marrow produces Blasts cell wich develop into white cell. However in AML, the blast cells can’t differentiate into mature white cell and grows faster than normal. It makes Bone marrow has no much time to compensated so bone marrow also produces abnormal erytrocyt and platelet. In this case, white cells mature has low number so patient get infection frequently.

Low numbers erytrocyt lead to anemia. We know that function of erytrocyt is oxygen transport to cell. If erytrocyt number is decreased, the body compensate with less activities to press using oxygen. Patient look tired, lethargy, and short breath (dyspneu).

Ptechiae also found on skin patient. Its caused low number trombocyt. Bleeding like DHF syndrome can found, example : epistaxis, hematemesis, melena, mucous bleeding, etc.

High number leukemia cell cause pain in abdominal, joints and bones.

This case is so dangerous because acute. So need treatment immediately. There are steps of AML treatment.

1. Induction chemotherapy (intensive until recover)

- cytarabine

- daunomycin and idamycin

- all trans retinoic acid for subtype acute promyelocytic leukemia

2. Consolidation to kill remaining leukemia cell
3. Organ Transplantation

- autologous transplant, however high risk relapse
- allogeneic transplant, low risk relapse

reference: www.marrow.org